![]() It was a swamp denizen and a fearsome predator, able to eat any animal that caught its eye. This giant serpent looked something like a modern-day boa constrictor, but behaved more like today’s water-dwelling anaconda. The lord of this jungle was a truly spectacular creature-a snake more than 40 feet long and weighing more than a ton. And there were seven-foot-long lungfish, two to three times the size of their modern Amazon cousins. The river basin held turtles with shells twice the size of manhole covers and crocodile kin-at least three different species-more than a dozen feet long. Mud from the flood plain periodically coated, covered and compressed the dead leaves, branches and animal carcasses in steaming layers of decomposing muck dozens of feet thick. ![]() Deep water from north-flowing rivers swirled around stands of palm trees, hardwoods, occasional hummocks of earth and decaying vegetation. Mean temperatures may have hovered in the mid- to high-80s Fahrenheit or higher. The trees had wider leaves, indicating greater precipitation-more than 150 inches of rain per year, compared with 80 inches for the Amazon now. We have it all, and you can’t find it anywhere else in the tropics.”įifty-eight million years ago, a few million years after the fall of the dinosaurs, Cerrejón was an immense, swampy jungle where everything was hotter, wetter and bigger than it is today. “Cerrejón is the best, and probably the only, window on a complete ancient tropical ecosystem anywhere in the world,” said Carlos Jaramillo, a paleontologist at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. The multinational corporation that runs the mine, Carbones del Cerrejón Limited, extracted 31.5 million tons of coal last year alone.Ĭerrejón also happens to be one of the world’s richest, most important fossil deposits, providing scientists with a unique snapshot of the geological moment when the dinosaurs had just disappeared and a new environment was emerging. It is one of the world’s largest coal operations, covering an area larger than Washington, D.C. All rights reserved.In the lowland tropics of northern Colombia, 60 miles from the Caribbean coast, Cerrejón is an empty, forbidding, seemingly endless horizon of dusty outback, stripped of vegetation and crisscrossed with dirt roads that lead to enormous pits 15 miles in circumference. Major League Baseball trademarks and copyrights are used with permission of MLB Advanced Media, L.P.A subscription is required for Apple TV+.Learn more about how Apple Card applications are evaluated at /kb/HT209218.territories, please call Goldman Sachs at 87 with questions about Apple Card. Apple Card is subject to credit approval, available only for qualifying applicants in the United States, and issued by Goldman Sachs Bank USA, Salt Lake City Branch. To access and use all Apple Card features and products available only to Apple Card users, you must add Apple Card to Wallet on an iPhone or iPad that supports and has the latest version of iOS or iPadOS.Apple Vision Pro will be available early next year on and at Apple retail stores in the U.S.This device is not, and may not be, offered for sale or lease, or sold or leased, until authorization is obtained. Apple Vision Pro has not been authorized as required by the rules of the Federal Communications Commission.More details are available from Apple’s trade-in partner for trade-in and recycling of eligible devices. Apple or its trade-in partners reserve the right to refuse or limit quantity of any trade-in transaction for any reason. Some stores may have additional requirements. Offer may not be available in all stores, and may vary between in-store and online trade-in. ![]() ![]() In-store trade-in requires presentation of a valid photo ID (local law may require saving this information). Sales tax may be assessed on full value of a new device purchase. Actual value awarded is based on receipt of a qualifying device matching the description provided when estimate was made. Trade-in value may be applied toward qualifying new device purchase, or added to an Apple Gift Card. You must be at least 18 years old to be eligible to trade in for credit or for an Apple Gift Card. Trade-in values will vary based on the condition, year, and configuration of your eligible trade-in device. Update to the latest version by going to Settings > General > Software Update. To use Apple Pay Later, you must have an iPhone or iPad updated to the latest version of iOS or iPadOS. CA loans made or arranged pursuant to a California Financing Law license. Loans made by Apple Financing LLC, NMLS #2154940. Apple Pay Later loans are subject to eligibility and approval. Your bank may charge you fees if your debit card account contains insufficient funds to make loan repayments. ![]()
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